One Way
Fare Type:
  • Regular
  • Armed ForcesNEW
    Armed Forces Fare

    Applicable for serving and retired personnel of Armed Forces and Paramilitary Forces, their recognised dependants like spouses and children, and war widows. It is mandatory to show a valid ID or dependant card at the airport, without which boarding might be denied.

  • Student
    Student Fare

    Only students above 12 years of age are eligible for special fares and/or additional baggage allowances. Carrying valid student ID cards and student visas (where applicable) is mandatory, else the passenger may be denied boarding or asked to pay for extra baggage.

  • Senior Citizen
    Senior Citizen Fare

    Only senior citizens above the age of 60 years can avail this special fare. It is mandatory to produce proof of Date of Birth at the airport, without which prevailing fares will be charged.

  • Double Seat
    Fly Safer with Double Seat

    Step up physical distancing by booking two or three adjacent seats for one traveller. Opt from ‘Double/ Entire Row’ by Indigo or ‘GoMore’ service by GoAir - available only for domestic one-way economy class bookings.

Popular Filters

+ 1 more

Departure Airports

One Way Price

₹ 12,408 ₹ 1,66,000

Duration

2 h 5 m 29 h 0 m

Stops From Bangkok

Departure From Bangkok

Before
6 AM

₹ 16,494

6 AM to 12 PM

₹ 13,112

12 PM to 6 PM

₹ 15,038

After
6 PM

₹ 12,408

Arrival at Kunming

Before
6 AM

₹ 12,408

6 AM to 12 PM

₹ 15,038

12 PM to 6 PM

₹ 13,112

After
6 PM

₹ 15,038

Alliances & Airlines

Oneworld

(1)

SkyTeam

(29)

Star Alliance

(12)

+ 7 more

Layover Airports

+ 11 more

Layover Duration

1 h 20 m 22 h 0 m

Top Routes

New York To Orlando Flights

Bangkok to Kunming Flight Schedule

Athens To Mykonos Flights

Madrid To Lisbon Flights

Prague To Barcelona Flights

Nice To Amsterdam Flights

London To Newcastle Flights

Rome To London Flights

Sydney To Cairns Flights

New York To Vancouver Flights

Glasgow To London Flights

New York To Miami Flights

Mykonos To Athens Flight

Delhi To Tashkent Flight

Delhi To Seychelles Flight

New York To Atlanta Flights

Newcastle To Paris Flights

Auckland To Wellington Flights

Newark To Chicago Flights

Lahore To Karachi Flights

London To Newark Flights

Top International Airlines

British Airways

Air France

Korean Air

China Southern

IndiGo Airlines

Ethiopian Airlines

US Airways

Alitalia

Top Airlines

Ethiopian Airlines

Vietnam Airlines

Srilankan Airlines

Kuwait Airways

Egyptair

Gulf Air

Korean Air

Icelandair

Air Berlin

Caribbean Airlines

Pegasus Airlines

China Airlines

China Southern Airlines

Bangkok Airways

Air Austral

Kenya Airways

Asiana Airlines

Japan Airlines

Scoot Airlines

Iberia Airlines

China Eastern Airlines

Air Malta

Silkair

Tiger Airways

Luxair

Croatia Airlines

Air Mauritius

Czech Airlines

Air Astana

Tap Air Portugal

Apply For Visa

Dubai/UAE Visa

Singapore Visa

Malaysia Visa

Sri Lanka Visa

Thailand Visa

Hotels in Kunming

Hotels in Kunming (26)

Budget hotels in Kunming (3)

5 Star hotels in Kunming (8)

Apart-hotels in Kunming

4 Star hotels in Kunming (8)

3 Star hotels in Kunming (4)

2 Star hotels in Kunming (1)

Luxury hotels in Kunming (15)

Best Hotels in Kunming

Best Hotels in Kunming

Sofitel Kunming

Holiday Inn Express Kunming West

Sheraton Kunming

HUALUXE Hotels & Resorts Kunming - AN IHG HOTEL

Crowne Plaza KUNMING CITY CENTRE

Cachet Boutique Kunming Artime

Park Inn Kunming Airport

Holiday Inn Kunming City Centre, an IHG Hotel

Grand Park Kunming

Ramada Encore by Wyndham Kunming West

Bangkok to Kunming Air Sao Tome and Principe

Lowest fare from Bangkok to Kunming on 01 Aug - ₹8594


Cheap International Bangkok to Kunming Air Sao Tome and Principe air tickets at MakeMyTrip India. Best Deals at Lowest fares guaranteed on flights from Bangkok to Kunming by Air Sao Tome and Principe International Travel. Check Air Sao Tome and Principe booking, International Flight number, Flight status, Schedules online from Bangkok to Kunming.Also book Kunming to Bangkok Air Sao Tome and Principe flights tickets online.Avail Zero Cancellation for flight bookings.
Sorted By:
Departure
Duration
Arrival
Price
China Eastern

₹ 12,408

Get Flat Rs. 1250 discount using MMTDEALS OR Get Flat 8% Off using HSBC credit card no cost EMI using HSBCINTEMI

Partially Refundable
View Flight Details

Bangkok to Kunming , 1 Aug

China Eastern MU | 9614

20:50

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Bangkok, Thailand

02 h 30 m

00:20

Sat, 2 Aug 25

Kunming, China

BAGGAGE : CHECK INCABIN

Information not available

FARES
Cabin bagCheck-inCancellationDate Change

Fare Option 1

Fare offered by airline.

7 Kgs
1 Piece
Cancellation Fee starting
₹ 6,575
Date Change Fee starting
₹ 3,945

₹ 12,408

Thai Airways

₹ 13,112

Get Flat Rs. 1250 discount using MMTDEALS OR Get Flat 8% Off using HSBC credit card no cost EMI using HSBCINTEMI

Non Refundable
View Flight Details

Bangkok to Kunming , 1 Aug

Thai Airways TG | 612

10:45

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Bangkok, Thailand

02 h 15 m

14:00

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Kunming, China

BAGGAGE : CHECK INCABIN

Information not available

FARES
Cabin bagCheck-inCancellationDate ChangeSeatMeal

Ecosave1

Fare offered by airline.

7 Kgs
23 Kgs
Non-refundable fare
Not allowed
Chargeable
Get complimentary meals

₹ 13,112

Ecostandard

Fare offered by airline.

7 Kgs
23 Kgs
Cancellation Fee starting
₹ 15,780
Date Change Fee starting
₹ 13,150
Chargeable
Get complimentary meals

₹ 17,511

Ecostandard1

Fare offered by airline.

7 Kgs
23 Kgs
Cancellation Fee starting
₹ 15,780
Date Change Fee starting
₹ 13,150
Chargeable
Get complimentary meals

₹ 19,664

Ecoflexi

Fare offered by airline.

7 Kgs
30 Kgs
Cancellation Fee starting
₹ 15,780
Date Change Fee starting
₹ 13,150
Chargeable
Get complimentary meals

₹ 24,966

China Eastern

More Timing Options

₹ 15,038

Get Flat Rs. 1250 discount using MMTDEALS OR Get Flat 8% Off using HSBC credit card no cost EMI using HSBCINTEMI

Partially Refundable
View Flight Details

Bangkok to Kunming , 1 Aug

China Eastern MU | 9622

07:50

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Bangkok, Thailand

02 h 05 m

10:55

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Kunming, China

BAGGAGE : CHECK INCABIN

Information not available

FARES
Cabin bagCheck-inCancellationDate Change

Fare Option 1

Fare offered by airline.

7 Kgs
1 Piece
Cancellation Fee starting
₹ 6,575
Date Change Fee starting
₹ 3,945

₹ 15,038

Shanghai Airlines, China Eastern

₹ 16,494

Get Flat Rs. 1250 discount using MMTDEALS OR Get Flat 8% Off using HSBC credit card no cost EMI using HSBCINTEMI

Partially Refundable
View Flight Details

Bangkok to Kunming , 1 Aug

Shanghai Airlines FM | 848

05:05

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Bangkok, Thailand

04 h 30 m

10:35

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Terminal T1

Shanghai-Pu Dong Apt, China

BAGGAGE : CHECK INCABIN

Information not available

China Eastern MU | 9732

14:00

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Terminal T1

Shanghai-Pu Dong Apt, China

03 h 35 m

17:35

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Kunming, China

BAGGAGE : CHECK INCABIN

Information not available

FARES
Cabin bagCheck-inCancellationDate Change

Fare Option 1

Fare offered by airlines.

7 Kgs
1 Piece
Cancellation Fee starting
₹ 6,575
Date Change Fee starting
₹ 3,945

₹ 16,494

China Eastern

₹ 19,779

Get Flat Rs. 1250 discount using MMTDEALS OR Get Flat 8% Off using HSBC credit card no cost EMI using HSBCINTEMI

Partially Refundable
View Flight Details

Bangkok to Kunming , 1 Aug

China Eastern MU | 8654 | Operated By Shanghai Airlines

05:05

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Bangkok, Thailand

04 h 30 m

10:35

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Terminal T1

Shanghai-Pu Dong Apt, China

BAGGAGE : CHECK INCABIN

Information not available

China Eastern MU | 9732

14:00

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Terminal T1

Shanghai-Pu Dong Apt, China

03 h 35 m

17:35

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Kunming, China

BAGGAGE : CHECK INCABIN

Information not available

FARES
Cabin bagCheck-inCancellationDate Change

Fare Option 1

Fare offered by airline.

7 Kgs
1 Piece
Cancellation Fee starting
₹ 6,575
Date Change Fee starting
₹ 3,945

₹ 19,779

China Eastern

₹ 21,399

Get Flat Rs. 1250 discount using MMTDEALS OR Get Flat 8% Off using HSBC credit card no cost EMI using HSBCINTEMI

Partially Refundable
View Flight Details

Bangkok to Kunming , 1 Aug

China Eastern MU | 2078

03:10

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Bangkok, Thailand

03 h 30 m

07:40

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Terminal T1

Guangzhou, China

BAGGAGE : CHECK INCABIN

Information not available

China Eastern MU | 5732

11:25

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Terminal T1

Guangzhou, China

02 h 30 m

13:55

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Kunming, China

BAGGAGE : CHECK INCABIN

Information not available

FARES
Cabin bagCheck-inCancellationDate Change

Fare Option 1

Fare offered by airline.

7 Kgs
1 Piece
Cancellation Fee starting
₹ 6,575
Date Change Fee starting
₹ 3,945

₹ 21,399

China Eastern

₹ 24,384

Get Flat Rs. 1250 discount using MMTDEALS OR Get Flat 8% Off using HSBC credit card no cost EMI using HSBCINTEMI

Partially Refundable
View Flight Details

Bangkok to Kunming , 1 Aug

China Eastern MU | 542

13:35

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Bangkok, Thailand

04 h 35 m

19:10

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Terminal T1

Shanghai-Pu Dong Apt, China

BAGGAGE : CHECK INCABIN

Information not available

China Eastern MU | 748

21:15

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Terminal T1

Shanghai-Pu Dong Apt, China

03 h 20 m

00:35

Sat, 2 Aug 25

Kunming, China

BAGGAGE : CHECK INCABIN

Information not available

FARES
Cabin bagCheck-inCancellationDate Change

Fare Option 1

Fare offered by airline.

7 Kgs
1 Piece
Cancellation Fee starting
₹ 6,575
Date Change Fee starting
₹ 3,945

₹ 24,384

Batik Air

₹ 27,856

Get Flat Rs. 1250 discount using MMTDEALS OR Get Flat 8% Off using HSBC credit card no cost EMI using HSBCINTEMI

Partially Refundable
View Flight Details

Don Mueang Intl-Bangkok to Kunming , 1 Aug

Batik Air OD | 527

14:00

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Terminal T1

Don Mueang Intl-Bangkok, Thailand

02 h 10 m

17:10

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Terminal T1

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

BAGGAGE : CHECK INCABIN

Information not available

Batik Air OD | 670

22:15

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Terminal T1

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

03 h 45 m

02:00

Sat, 2 Aug 25

Kunming, China

BAGGAGE : CHECK INCABIN

Information not available

FARES
Cabin bagCheck-inCancellationDate ChangeSeatMeal

Value

Fare offered by airline.

7 Kgs
20 Kgs
Cancellation Fee starting
₹ 10,516
Not allowed
Chargeable
Chargeable

₹ 27,856

Flexi

Fare offered by airline.

7 Kgs
25 Kgs
Cancellation Fee starting
₹ 10,516
Not allowed
Free seats available
Chargeable

₹ 33,576

Scoot

₹ 29,602

Get Flat Rs. 1250 discount using MMTDEALS OR Get Flat 8% Off using HSBC credit card no cost EMI using HSBCINTEMI

Non Refundable
View Flight Details

Bangkok to Kunming , 1 Aug

Scoot TR | 617

20:25

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Bangkok, Thailand

02 h 45 m

00:10

Sat, 2 Aug 25

Singapore, Singapore

BAGGAGE : CHECK INCABIN

Information not available

Scoot TR | 160

22:00

Sat, 2 Aug 25

Terminal T1

Singapore, Singapore

04 h

02:00

Sun, 3 Aug 25

Kunming, China

BAGGAGE : CHECK INCABIN

Information not available

FARES
Cabin bagCheck-inCancellationDate Change

Basic

Fare offered by airline.

10 Kgs
0 Kg
Non-refundable fare
Not allowed

₹ 29,602

Bangkok Airways, China Eastern

₹ 31,641

Get Flat Rs. 1250 discount using MMTDEALS OR Get Flat 8% Off using HSBC credit card no cost EMI using HSBCINTEMI

Partially Refundable
View Flight Details

Bangkok to Kunming , 1 Aug

Bangkok Airways PG | 217

12:25

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Bangkok, Thailand

01 h 20 m

13:45

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Chiang Mai, Thailand

BAGGAGE : CHECK INCABIN

Information not available

China Eastern MU | 9620

16:20

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Chiang Mai, Thailand

01 h 55 m

19:15

Fri, 1 Aug 25

Kunming, China

BAGGAGE : CHECK INCABIN

Information not available

FARES
Cabin bagCheck-inCancellationDate Change

Fare Option 1

Fare offered by airlines.

7 Kgs
2 Pieces
Cancellation Fee starting
₹ 9,205
Date Change Fee starting
₹ 3,945

₹ 31,641

About Bangkok (BKK)

Located in lush Chao Phraya River delta in Thailand's verdant central plains, Bangkok is the capital city and the most populous area of Thailand. Owing to its lushness and greenery, like other parts of Thailand, Bangkok too has a tropical wet and dry climate. Apart from having beautiful landscape, the city has its own fair share of skyscrapers, giving it soaring urbanisation and sprouting prosperity. Since the land poses as the main gateway to Thailand, Bangkok is visited by a large number of international tourists making it one of the world's top tourist destination cities. Cultural treasure trove, shopping spree sources and tourists metropolis- Bangkok has it all. It is one of the most compelling and alluring Asian cosmopolitan cities. Shining magnanimous palaces, markets swarming with people from all over the world, giant temples throbbing with multi-diverse culture, hotels and restaurants of all breeds, price and amenities and a certain streak of pulsating life is all Bangkok has in store for tourists. The city has got something for every visitor. Grand Palace and Buddhist temples, like Wat Phra Kaew, Wat Pho, and Wat Arun are Bangkok's most famous sights. Influence of Hinduism in Thai culture can be viewed in the Giant Swing and Erawan Shrine. Where the city's architecture is concerned, the bewitching wonders can be found in Vimanmek Mansion in Dusit Palace and Jim Thompson House. Bangkok National Museum and the Royal Barge National Museum are two museums where the abundance of art, history and other cultural elements can be spotted. Beside the grand cruises and boat trips on Chao Phraya and Thonburi's canals can give you the panoramic sights of city's architecture and water-side life. MakeMyTrip.com is a famous online travel portal where you can easily book online tickets to Bangkok. Being India's leading Travel Company, here you can get cheap flight tickets, car rentals, knowledgeable tour guides plus latest exciting affordable Bangkok travel packages. If you are the first time traveller and don't know how to manage your journey, MakeMyTrip is here to plan your trip step by step, as per your preference and budget.

FAQs - Bangkok to Kunming Air Sao Tome and Principe Flight

What is the baggage allowance on Air Sao Tome and Principe flights from Bangkok to Kunming?

A:
  • Economy class generally includes 20 kg check-in baggage.
  • Hand baggage allowance is up to 7 kg.
  • Additional baggage can be pre-booked online at discounted rates.
  • Excess baggage at airport check-in may incur higher fees.

Are meals included on Air Sao Tome and Principe flights from Bangkok to Kunming?

A:
  • Air Sao Tome and Principe is a low-cost carrier; meals are not included by default.
  • You can pre-book meals during ticket purchase.
  • Limited snacks and drinks are available onboard for purchase.
  • Meal options vary based on route and time of flight.

How long is the direct flight from Bangkok to Kunming on Air Sao Tome and Principe?

A:
  • Flight duration is typically around 3 hours 45 minutes.
  • May vary slightly depending on weather and air traffic.
  • It is a non-stop international route.
  • Check exact timings during booking for the selected date.

What is the check-in baggage policy for Air Sao Tome and Principe on international routes?

A:
  • Standard check-in baggage is 20 kg in economy.
  • Baggage over this limit will attract excess charges.
  • Infants are allowed an additional 10 kg check-in baggage.
  • Prepaid baggage slabs offer cost savings over airport rates.

Can I select my seat on Air Sao Tome and Principe flights from Bangkok to Kunming?

A:
  • Yes, seat selection is available for a fee.
  • You can choose window, aisle, or extra-legroom seats.
  • Free seat selection may be allowed during web check-in (limited).
  • Seat selection can be done during booking or later via Manage Booking.

Are in-flight entertainment options available on Air Sao Tome and Principe?

A:
  • No, traditional seat-back entertainment is not provided.
  • Passengers are advised to carry their own devices and content.
  • Some flights may offer in-flight magazines.
  • Power outlets or USB ports are usually not available.

What is the hand baggage weight limit on Air Sao Tome and Principe for this route?

A:
  • One cabin bag up to 7 kg is allowed.
  • Dimensions should not exceed 115 cm (L+W+H).
  • One small personal item (handbag/laptop) may be allowed.
  • Excess cabin baggage may be checked in at additional cost.

Is web check-in available for Air Sao Tome and Principe from Bangkok to Kunming?

A:
  • Yes, web check-in opens 48 hours before departure.
  • Available up to 2 hours before scheduled takeoff.
  • Boarding pass can be downloaded online or received via email.
  • Seat selection during web check-in may be free or paid.

Does Air Sao Tome and Principe offer priority boarding or special services for families?

A:
  • Priority boarding is offered at extra cost or to special categories.
  • Families with infants, elderly, or disabled get assistance.
  • No business class or loyalty privileges (as it’s a low-cost carrier).
  • Special service requests can be made during booking.

What is the average fare for a Bangkok to Kunming flight on Air Sao Tome and Principe?

A:
  • Average fares range from ₹9,000 to ₹15,000 one-way.
  • Prices vary based on seasonality and booking window.
  • Booking early usually helps get lower fares.
  • Additional costs for meals, baggage, or seat selection may apply.

Are there any additional charges apart from the base fare?

A:
  • Yes, charges apply for baggage beyond allowance.
  • Meals, seat selection, and travel insurance are chargeable.
  • Airport taxes and surcharges are usually included in the final fare.
  • Payment gateway or convenience fees may apply.

How can I find the lowest fare for Bangkok to Kunming on MakeMyTrip?

A:
  • Use the “cheapest date” or “fare calendar” feature.
  • Book tickets 30–45 days in advance.
  • Subscribe to fare alerts.
  • Compare prices across different times of day and days of week.

Can I cancel or reschedule my Air Sao Tome and Principe ticket on MakeMyTrip?

A:
  • Yes, cancellation and rescheduling is allowed via Manage Booking.
  • Charges apply based on fare rules and time left before departure.
  • Refunds (if applicable) are processed by MakeMyTrip.
  • Always review the fare policy during booking.

Will I get a refund if I cancel my Air Sao Tome and Principe ticket to Kunming?

A:
  • Refunds depend on the fare type and cancellation time.
  • Basic fares may have low or no refund value.
  • Taxes and government fees may be refunded.
  • Refund is processed to the original payment method.

What payment options are available for booking Air Sao Tome and Principe flights?

A:
  • Credit/debit cards, UPI, and internet banking are accepted.
  • EMI options may be available for higher fare totals.
  • MakeMyTrip wallet and gift cards can be used.
  • International cards may be accepted with 3D Secure.

How early should I arrive at Bangkok airport for an international Air Sao Tome and Principe flight?

A:
  • Arrive at least 3 hours before departure.
  • Counters close 60 minutes prior to takeoff.
  • Web check-in doesn’t exempt you from baggage drop/security.
  • Longer queues are expected during peak travel seasons.

How frequently does Air Sao Tome and Principe fly from Bangkok to Kunming?

A:
  • Typically operates daily or multiple times a week.
  • Frequency may vary by season or airline schedule.
  • Check real-time schedules on MakeMyTrip or airline website.
  • Increased frequency during holidays or festive periods.

Are there seasonal discounts or offers on this route?

A:
  • Yes, promotions are often run around festivals or holidays.
  • Look out for flash sales and credit card partner discounts.
  • Off-peak seasons (e.g., summer) may offer cheaper fares.
  • Use promo codes during booking to save extra.

Can I book Air Sao Tome and Principe group travel from Bangkok to Kunming?

A:
  • Yes, group bookings are available for 10 or more passengers.
  • Discounts and flexible payment terms may be offered.
  • Booking needs to be done through customer support or agency partners.
  • Name changes and other terms are specific to group travel policies.

What if my baggage is lost or delayed on Air Sao Tome and Principe?

A:
  • Report immediately to the airline desk at the airport.
  • You will be given a Property Irregularity Report (PIR).
  • Compensation may be available after investigation.
  • Airline customer service can be contacted for status updates.

Does Air Sao Tome and Principe offer travel insurance while booking?

A:
  • Yes, travel insurance can be added during booking.
  • Covers trip delays, baggage loss, medical emergencies, etc.
  • Provided by third-party insurers linked with the airline or OTA.
  • Check policy terms before purchasing.

Are pets allowed on Air Sao Tome and Principe flights?

A:
  • Only guide dogs are allowed in the cabin.
  • Pets may be transported as cargo under specific conditions.
  • Advance approval and documentation is mandatory.
  • Contact airline customer care for exact pet travel guidelines.

How can I get GST invoice for my Air Sao Tome and Principe booking?

A:
  • If booked via MakeMyTrip, you can download invoice from the account.
  • Ensure GST number is entered at time of booking.
  • Airline may also provide GST invoice on request.
  • Useful for business travel expense claims.

Is there Wi-Fi available onboard Air Sao Tome and Principe flights?

A:
  • No, Wi-Fi is not available on Air Sao Tome and Principe.
  • Passengers are advised to download content beforehand.
  • Use offline entertainment during flight.
  • Email or work-related tasks cannot be performed online.

What happens if I miss my Air Sao Tome and Principe flight?

A:
  • No-show policy applies; full ticket fare may be forfeited.
  • You may contact the airline for rebooking (at extra cost).
  • Refunds not applicable in most no-show cases.
  • Travel insurance may cover missed connections.

Can I upgrade my seat on Air Sao Tome and Principe flights?

A:
  • Upgrades to extra-legroom seats are available for a fee.
  • No business class cabin available.
  • Upgrades can be done during web check-in or at airport counter.
  • Subject to availability.

Is there a mobile app for Air Sao Tome and Principe?

A:
  • Yes, Air Sao Tome and Principe has an official mobile app.
  • Available for Android and iOS platforms.
  • Lets you book, check-in, manage bookings, and track flights.
  • Push notifications for delays and offers are supported.

Does Air Sao Tome and Principe allow changes in passenger name?

A:
  • Minor corrections may be allowed (e.g., spelling).
  • Full name changes are not permitted.
  • Contact airline support immediately for name issues.
  • Always review details before confirming booking.
Bangkok Address

About Kunming (KMG)

Kunming

Kunming Address

About Air Sao Tome and Principe